◆ 閱讀文本:Roland Barthes. “From Work to Text.” in The Rustle of Language. Trans. Richard Howard. Berkeley: University of California Press: 1989. 56-64. 在羅蘭巴特的〈從作品到文本〉(From Work to Text)一文中,他將「作品」和「文本」這兩個概念作了一個區隔,這七個檢視的指標分別為:方法(method)、文類(genres)、符號(the sign)、多元性(the plural)、子嗣/來源性(filiation)、閱讀(reading)、以及愉悅(pleasure)。基本上,〈從作品到文本〉延續了〈作者之死〉的論述基調,巴特旨在解構作者/讀者、書寫/閱讀之間僵化的二元對立模式,並進一步闡明文本之特性。
羅蘭巴特主張文本乃存在於交互辯證的言說之中,其意義隨各式脈絡所形構而成的巨大網絡(network)而流轉,文本和文本的呼應關係——亦即互文性(intertextuality),是無從追溯和考究的,是故文本的源頭喪失在廣袤的情境脈絡中。而文本內在意義之生成乃是一個長期且流動的過程,得以無止盡地延伸下去,文本形同由不同符徵交織而成的織物(fabric),其異質性(heterogeneous)、變易性(difference)的特質使得多元釋義成為可能。再者,文本無法歸類,它超越世俗中不言而喻的真理(doxa),企圖挑戰人類不假思索即視為常理的集體信仰。
除此,巴特亦致力於彰顯讀者在閱讀過程中所展現的主體能動性(agency),亦即日後「主動閱聽人」(active audience)概念之由來。他認為閱讀不應被視為一種被動的消費行為,而應將閱讀視為一個主動產製意義的過程;並暗示讀者應自我醒覺,奪回被中產階級所操控的產製、演繹、與詮釋文本的專利,如此讀者方可悠遊於文本之中,從中實踐意義的再製並獲得愉悅(pleasure)。至於作者、讀者、以及文本三者之間的關係,羅蘭巴特主張讀者應從文本出發,去形塑、建構作者本人的形象、風格及其生命形態,以提升理解的層次,而非自作者的身家背景和資歷等相關線索入門,尋求文本的意義,否則將侷限讀者以多元途徑解讀文本的空間。
儘管巴特提及讀者無能重新書寫(rewrite)已完成的作品(特別是那些經典而偉大的著作),然而,事實上讀者仍得以在某些層面上取得參與作品及其意義產製的途徑,以台灣當前連續劇情節之編撰為例,由於台灣連續劇往往採取一面撰寫劇本,同時一面進行拍攝的製播方式,是故觀眾得以透過讀者投書或輿論壓力影響、甚至主導劇情的走向,畢竟電視劇的最終目的無非是在討好廣大的閱聽眾,以獲得更高的收視率。此外,亨利‧詹金斯(Henry Jenkins)提出崇拜者重新書寫他們最喜歡電視節目的十種方法:重新脈絡化、擴大劇情的時間發展、重新對焦、道德重整、文類更動、角色大搬演、人物錯置、私人化、情感強化、情慾化。劇迷也會透過製作音樂錄影帶、劇迷刊物、撰寫和表演種種老調新唱的歪歌(filking),組織各種活動等方式,進一步凝聚劇迷的情緒認同。(約翰‧史都瑞(John Storey),〈通俗政治學〉,《文化理論與通俗文化導論》。李根芳、周素鳳譯。台北:巨流,2003。頁333-335。 )
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
26 comments:
sultry dating [url=http://loveepicentre.com/]problems with online dating services[/url] married dating agency friends sex meeting uk http://loveepicentre.com/ submit a site online dating
sleeping with the enemy co star kevin anderson [url=http://usadrugstoretoday.com/products/provera.htm]provera[/url] congressional health care http://usadrugstoretoday.com/products/medrol.htm florida drug defense lawyer http://usadrugstoretoday.com/categories/dysfonction-erectile.htm
choosing health 2004 summary [url=http://usadrugstoretoday.com/products/vitamin-c.htm]vitamin c[/url] mineral crystal shop in waikiki [url=http://usadrugstoretoday.com/products/cok-n--energy-and-sensory-enhancer-.htm]antibiotic and dosage for uti[/url]
http://xws.in/enhancement/oil-enhancement-technology
[url=http://xws.in/aldactone/searle-aldactone-without-prescription]levitra cheapest[/url] spider drugs [url=http://xws.in/disopyramide]disopyramide[/url]
florida illegal drugs lawyer http://xws.in/alfuzosin/alfuzosin-side-effects
[url=http://xws.in/allergic/allergic-reaction-to-tylenol-in-toddlers]generic drug changes medco 2008[/url] breastfeeding and drug use [url=http://xws.in/altace/how-long-does-altace-stay-in-your-system]how long does altace stay in your system[/url]
statin drugs and spinal stenosis http://xws.in/amitriptyline/paroxetine-with-amitriptyline
[url=http://xws.in/acyclovir/uses-for-acyclovir]cialis cost low[/url] pharmacy jobs long term care kansas city [url=http://xws.in/differin/differin-side-effects]differin side effects[/url] what type of drug is steroid [url=http://xws.in/duloxetine/duloxetine-buy-online]duloxetine buy online[/url]
new dodge cummins http://eautoportal.in/jeep/jeep-club-austin-texas automobile accidents in school parking lots
[url=http://eautoportal.in/buick]auto accessories boynton beach[/url] cad automobile design software [url=http://eautoportal.in/auto-info/replacement-auto-darkening-welding]replacement auto darkening welding[/url]
mercedes chauffeur kent http://eautoportal.in/ford-car/ford-dealerships-in-alaska
[url=http://eautoportal.in/kawasaki/kawasaki-vn800b-jetting]costco auto insurance[/url] mercedes stereo adapter [url=http://eautoportal.in/automobiles/digital-audio-cd-changer-for-automobiles]digital audio cd changer for automobiles[/url]
silver arrows mercedes benz http://eautoportal.in/harley/harley-davidson-paint-schemes
[url=http://eautoportal.in/ford-auto/engine-ford-300]volkswagen diesels[/url] mercedes benz of naples [url=http://eautoportal.in/gmc/gmc-motothome]gmc motothome[/url]
http://healthportalonline.in/cetirizine/cetirizine-hcl
[url=http://healthportalonline.in/carafate/carafate-and-esphagus]rhistorical punishment first time drug use[/url] prescription drug uk [url=http://healthportalonline.in/candesartan/candesartan-cilexetil]candesartan cilexetil[/url]
cialis levitra strong strong viagra http://healthportalonline.in/carbohydrate/carbohydrate-counting-advantages
[url=http://healthportalonline.in/carafate/belladonna-carafate]breastfeeding and drug use[/url] i was drug to church on sunday morning [url=http://healthportalonline.in/cefuroxime/cefuroxime-500-mg]cefuroxime 500 mg[/url]
drug offender registry http://healthportalonline.in/cetirizine/cetirizine-tab
[url=http://healthportalonline.in/ceftin/info-on-ceftin]drug hair tests[/url] sherlock holmes drug addiction [url=http://healthportalonline.in/celebrex/celebrex-recall-vioxx]celebrex recall vioxx[/url] accredo pharmacy [url=http://healthportalonline.in/celecoxib/ingredients-of-celecoxib]ingredients of celecoxib[/url]
grand theft auto san andreas lamborghini http://latestcarnews.in/victory/american-victory-at-saratoga in dash navigation for dodge viper
[url=http://latestcarnews.in/plymouth]mercedes s430 2003 manual[/url] automobile payoff schedule [url=http://latestcarnews.in/volvo/fuel-pump-runs-all-the-time-volvo-240]fuel pump runs all the time volvo 240[/url]
pictures of 2008 mercedes c class sport http://latestcarnews.in/volkswagen/volkswagen-corrado-for-sale-on-east-coast
[url=http://latestcarnews.in/oldsmobile/nereson-chevrolet-oldsmobile]robot automobile assembly[/url] auto striping [url=http://latestcarnews.in/saturn/saturn-vue-rearview-cameras]saturn vue rearview cameras[/url]
compare toyota prado with mercedes ml http://latestcarnews.in/volkswagen/billco-volkswagen-wexford
[url=http://latestcarnews.in/nissan/empire-lakewood-nissan]on line auto mechanic[/url] mercedes factory alarm disarm [url=http://latestcarnews.in/triumph/triumph-rocket-tourer]triumph rocket tourer[/url]
springs window fashions http://topcitystyle.com/henleys-on-sale-brand69.html dvs shoes [url=http://topcitystyle.com/women-page23.html]a gucci belt purse[/url] alanah hill australian fashion designer
http://topcitystyle.com/family-guy-men-boxer-underwear-for-men-black-item1358.html clothes for large men uk [url=http://topcitystyle.com/richmond-bikini-shorts-for-women-with--item1689.html]designer maternity clothes[/url]
clarks shoes http://topcitystyle.com/off-white-shirts-color3.html elegant fashion outlet [url=http://topcitystyle.com/light-grey-white-men-color122.html]ralph lauren upholstery fabric[/url] plus size clothes for women
http://topcitystyle.com/-jeans-cut-pants-dolce-amp-gabbana-category27.html wonder fold clothes [url=http://topcitystyle.com/dolce-amp-gabbana-leather-handbag-for-women-item1531.html]gypsy clothes[/url]
standard adult walkers http://theporncollection.in/mature-xxx/free-mature-oldmen
[url=http://theporncollection.in/lesbian-porn/cat-cora-lesbian]only amateur pre teen[/url] arab porn videos [url=http://theporncollection.in/porn-girl/adult-porn-ariana-and-shaun-michaels]adult porn ariana and shaun michaels[/url]
adult amatuer home porn videos http://theporncollection.in/orgy/orgy-movies-tgp
[url=http://theporncollection.in/lesbian-video/sailor-moon-lesbian-hentai]father and daughter hentai[/url] anti seize lubricant [url=http://theporncollection.in/gay-xxx/live-gay]live gay[/url]
kogame sexy pics http://theporncollection.in/gay-boy/los-angeles-gay-pride
[url=http://theporncollection.in/porn-girl/free-porn-andnot-credit-card-htm]kayleen allure amateur[/url] is beyonce knowles a virgin [url=http://theporncollection.in/porn-dvd/teen-taught-porn]teen taught porn[/url]
adult sexy stuff http://theporncollection.in/gay-male/gay-bareback-blogs
[url=http://theporncollection.in/gay-sex/robert-reynolds-gay]anal sex porn movie[/url] gay porn for mac [url=http://theporncollection.in/incest/unwanted-preganancies-occur-due-to-rape-or-incest-in-malaysia]unwanted preganancies occur due to rape or incest in malaysia[/url]
free amateur hard fucking movie [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-funuke-show-some-love-you-losers/4314database/]Funuke Show Some Love You Losers[/url] zona rosa movie theater [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-impys-island/20285database/]Impys Island[/url]
xxx movie free fulllength download games [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-elektron/17171database/]Elektron[/url] jennifer lopez marc anthony movie [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-day-of-the-dead/8461database/]Day Of The Dead[/url]
free unique porn fantasy ass pussy movie thumbs [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-las-reglas-de-nolan/25850database/]Las Reglas De Nolan[/url] another gay movie online [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-juncture/29832database/]Juncture[/url]
ninja turtle movie costumes [url=http://worldmovs.co.cc/full_version-analyzed-beauty-xxx/25114database/]Analyzed Beauty XXX[/url] phantom of the opera the movie script [url=http://full-length-movies.com/dvd-quality-movie-the-last-legion/18665database/]The Last Legion[/url]
spray paint my shoes http://luxefashion.us/beige-shorts-color5.html charles klein [url=http://luxefashion.us/gucci-tattoo-yolk-t-shirt-for-men-grey-item514.html]super man shoes[/url] fashion show ideas
http://luxefashion.us/g-star-women-brand42.html jennifer b shoes [url=http://luxefashion.us/-leather-shoes-roberto-cavalli-category13.html]new balance kid shoes[/url]
moroccon traditional clothes http://www.thefashionhouse.us/-casual-tops-gucci-category48.html womans shoes [url=http://www.thefashionhouse.us/outwear-dolce-amp-gabbana-category8.html]gothic fashion[/url] jordan basketball shoes
http://www.thefashionhouse.us/?action=products&product_id=2468 lauren london desk top screen savers [url=http://www.thefashionhouse.us/yellow-sweaters-color44.html]fashion stylists located in chicago il[/url]
discount medical shoes crocs http://www.thefashionhouse.us/pecci-jackets-amp-sweatshirts-brand16.html designers handbags [url=http://www.thefashionhouse.us/multicolored-club-wear-color13.html]harley davidson pet clothes[/url] graphic designers
http://www.thefashionhouse.us/armani-jeans-cut-pants-for-women-black-item2355.html fashion stylists located in chicago il [url=http://www.thefashionhouse.us/grey-and-black-pullover-color149.html]das kleinste haus in wien[/url]
best workout clothes http://luxefashion.us/100-men-size55.html chanel oval stamp [url=http://luxefashion.us/bacci-abbracci-women-brand57.html]modest clothes for catholic women[/url] barbie fashion bag
http://luxefashion.us/black-brown-leather-shoes-color163.html cheap discount stripper dresses shoes [url=http://luxefashion.us/?action=products&product_id=1071]lauren herringbone wine[/url]
tuti fruti baby clothes http://www.thefashionhouse.us/pecci-zip-jacket-for-men-brown-item1051.html therapeudic vibrating shoes [url=http://www.thefashionhouse.us/shoes-men-category12.html]death rituals shoes[/url] mcklein navigator luggage
http://www.thefashionhouse.us/turquoise-shirts-color85.html calvin klein fragrance [url=http://www.thefashionhouse.us/light-blue-men-color58.html]kamby clothes[/url]
http://xwp.in/cardizem/iv-compatibility-of-amiodarone-and-cardizem
[url=http://xwp.in/diltiazem/absorption-site-of-diltiazem]dilated pupil drug[/url] new york state employees health care http://xwp.in/emsam
tadalafil cipla pharmacy http://xwp.in/carbohydrates/carbohydrates-in-movie-theater-popcorn
[url=http://xwp.in/emsam/emsam-patch-prescription]lanes pharmacy[/url] nirschl sports medicine va http://xwp.in/amlodipine/amlodipine-beslyate
shopko pharmacy belvidere il http://xwp.in/antabuse/who-makes-antabuse
[url=http://xwp.in/angina/abdominal-angina]cost of cialis vs viagra[/url] cialis erectile dysfunction http://xwp.in/cardura/cardura-blood-pressure drug test can i use my pet urine http://xwp.in/antabuse/drinking-non-achcolicj-beer-on-antabuse
millionare lottery london feney foundation http://xwn.in/jokers_why-are-jokers-in-decks-of-cards wisconsin lottery resultslabatore
[url=http://xwn.in/poker-online_card-games-poker]online sport betting[/url] saturdays lottery numbers [url=http://xwn.in/keno_alogrithym-keno]alogrithym keno[/url]
joker analysis dark knight http://xwn.in/baccarat_baccarat-chandelier
[url=http://xwn.in/joker_jolly-joker-mask]canada ontario casinos[/url] mega ball lottery [url=http://xwn.in/casino-online_hotel-resort-casino-yacht-asuncion]hotel resort casino yacht asuncion[/url]
gambling clothes http://xwn.in/roulette_ultimate-roulette the gambling capital old and sold [url=http://xwn.in/roulette_on-line-casino-online-roulette]on line casino online roulette[/url]
markham ontario canada bingo events http://wqm.in/blackjack_trump-blackjack-gamees detroit gambling
[url=http://wqm.in/keno_free-casino-bonus-play-keno]keno learn play gambling online[/url] make money betting [url=http://wqm.in/poker-online_free-poker-room-money-no-deposits]free poker room money no deposits[/url]
betting college sports http://wqm.in/lottery_us-program-green-card-lottery-2008
[url=http://wqm.in/jokers_jokers-wild-movie]gymnastics las vegas blackjack invitational[/url] poker tips internet casinos [url=http://wqm.in/joker_joker-layouts]joker layouts[/url]
durkheimian analysis of the lottery by shirley jackson http://wqm.in/gambling-online_internet-gambling-internet-roulette-game casino bus from nyc to atlantic city [url=http://wqm.in/gambling-online_help-with-gambling-debt]help with gambling debt[/url]
studio 28 movie grand rapids [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_best_of_times/]the best of times[/url] cheap trick surrender what movie http://moviestrawberry.com/hqmoviesbygenres/download-genre_crime-movies/?page=2 mom movie post
movie tickets in 1987 [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_aquarela_do_brasil/]aquarela do brasil[/url] nina hartley sample movie http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_a_walk_in_the_sun/ cheech and chong movie
movie theatres toronto [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_legend_of_hell_house/]the legend of hell house[/url] women asain movie stars
watching the movie speak lesson plans [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_color_purple/]the color purple[/url] in good company movie http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_amityville_ii_the_possession/ movie nfo sites
iraqi war movie rss feed [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_painkiller_jane/]painkiller jane[/url] movie theaters in ames iowa http://moviestrawberry.com/genres/incredible_variety_of_films/?page=37 free xxx movie search engine
movie show [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_assassination_tango/]assassination tango[/url] best movie when your stoned http://moviestrawberry.com/hqmoviesbyyear/year_1995_high-quality-movies/?page=4 renderings of the movie hello down there
wiggles movie direct download [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_monster_squad/]the monster squad[/url] how to find movie background sounds http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_pete_s_dragon/ apocalyptco 0fficial movie site
arsenic and old lace movie [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_prison_break/]prison break[/url] toni jo henry movie
high noon movie [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_ryan_and_sean_s_not_so_excellent_adventure/]ryan and sean s not so excellent adventure[/url] brides being raped movie http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_blondie_johnson/ ang lee new movie
movie fifth element [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_mists_of_avalon/]the mists of avalon[/url] free download house of the spirits movie http://moviestrawberry.com/hqmoviesbygenres/download-genre_comedy-movies/?page=10 ankeny movie theaters
clips movie ripe [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_scipione_lafricano/]scipione lafricano[/url] all time football movie team http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_ugly_betty/ blood games movie
into the wild movie free [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_dragonquest/]dragonquest[/url] adult movie star kevin james http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_sleepover/ movie dagon
the french movie chocolate [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_kids_in_the_hall_brain_candy/]kids in the hall brain candy[/url] monroe goetz movie drivein theatre
sean william scott movie bio [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_jarhead/]jarhead[/url] movie clips dirty sex http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_birds/ warren theatres movie listings
movie psycho [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_jekyll/]jekyll[/url] the naruto movie clash with the nija http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_dirty_rotten_scoundrels/ textured framed movie posters
excalibar movie [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_desert_rats/]the desert rats[/url] julia roberts movie with dolly parton http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_brokedown_palace/ kingdom movie
movie you kill me [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_knick_knack/]knick knack[/url] sivaji movie http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_big_wash/ chuck movie trailer
movie cinnema newnan ga [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_the_lord_of_the_rings/]the lord of the rings[/url] hells angels bodyguard movie
misquite 30 movie [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_dimples/]dimples[/url] the rogue horse the movie http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_kiss_them_for_me/ movie war jet li cars
movie video [url=http://moviestrawberry.com/films/film_long_lost_son/]long lost son[/url] movie death by sunset http://moviestrawberry.com/hqmoviesbycountry/country_uk/?page=23 a c movie pass
All pizza places of USA http://pizza-us.com/illinois/Chicago/Black%20Hole%20Arcade%20Pizzeria/60623/
Find your best pizza.
Your own wrіte-uρ features veгifіed helρful to me.
It’s extrеmely useful anԁ yοu really are certаinly reаlly experiencеԁ іn
this areа. You have got οpened up ouг sіght to be аble to vаrious
opinion of thiѕ kind оf mаtter together ωіth intегeѕtіng аnd гeliable сontent
material.
Mу hоmepage :: tv4.ro
Have a look at my blog post phentermine
I got this web page from my buddy who told me concerning
this site and at the moment this time I am browsing this website
and reading very informative articles at this place.
Feel free to visit my blog post :: freezer & appliance repair Lutz
I like the valuable info you provide in your articles.
I'll bookmark your weblog and check again here frequently. I am quite certain I'll learn many new stuff right here!
Good luck for the next!
Check out my blog post: appliance repair Tampa Florida same day service
Post a Comment